MCS Entrance Examination
Preparation Guide
1. ENGLISH
Essay & Paragraph Writing Topics
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Pakistan / My Country (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: My Best Friend (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Floods
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: My Aim in Life
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: My City (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Allama Muhammad Iqbal (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Environment (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Pollution / Pollution and its Effects (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Forests
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: A Visit to a Historical Place (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Sports / My Favourite Game (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Friendship
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: A Visit to a Museum (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Discipline
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Science is a Blessing
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Patriotism
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: School Life
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Morning Walk (2)
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Pakistan Day
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: My Favourite Book
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: My Hobby
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: Independence Day of Pakistan
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: COVID-19
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: A Visit to Lahore
- Write a paragraph / essay (100–150 words) on: My Ideal Personality
Formal / Informal Letter Writing
- Write a letter to your brother advising him to work hard for his exams / concentrate on studies. (2)
- Write a letter to your friend inviting him to spend holidays with you / visit your city during vacations. (2)
- Write a letter to your friend congratulating him on passing his examination.
- Write a letter to your brother studying in a boarding school, advising him to take precautionary measures in a COVID environment.
Grammar — Prepositions & Articles
- Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentences:
- a. Quaid-e-Azam was born ___ Karachi. (at, in, on)
- b. He takes pleasure ___ the company of friends. (in, at, for)
- c. We should cut ___ the trees. (for, on, down)
- d. The policeman was running ___ the thief. (by, at, after)
- e. He was happy ___ know the result. (in, at, to)
- Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentences: (2)
- a. Ali meets some ___ his friends. (on, off, of)
- b. She / Ali inhales deep breath to fill lungs ___ fresh air. (on, with, over)
- c. He acted ___ my advice. (in, with, upon)
- d. He died ___ Cholera. (of, with, from)
- e. The dog jumped ___ the fence. (through, over, in)
- Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentences:
- a. Let us discuss matter seriously. (the, a, an)
- b. Aslam meets some ___ his friends. (at, of, with)
- c. She went to the park ___ a morning walk. (of, with, for)
- d. Please switch ___ the TV. (over, into, on)
- e. The birds were flying ___ the building. (on, over, at)
- Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentences:
- a. He died ___ Cholera. (from, with, of)
- b. She is blessed ___ a son. (off, with, at)
- c. You must carry ___ my orders. (on, with, out)
- d. The postman was inquiring ___ you. (for, of, about)
- e. The TV program is ___ the air. (in, on, at)
- Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions:
- a. I am aware ___ his weaknesses.
- b. Who knocked ___ the door?
- c. He presented me ___ a fine wrist watch.
- d. I take pride ___ my profession.
- e. Every boarder is provided ___ a bedding in the hostel.
- Use articles in the blank spaces:
- a. Birds of ___ feather flock together.
- b. Bilal is ___ businessman.
- c. Ali is ___ engineer.
- d. Rabia is ___ university student.
- e. Islamabad is ___ capital of Pakistan.
- Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions:
- a. My birthday is ___ 14th June.
- b. The jewellery is made ___ gold.
- c. He has agreed ___ my proposal.
- d. She is blessed ___ a son.
- e. Arif lives ___ his parents.
- Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions:
- a. He jumped ___ the river.
- b. The birds are flying ___ the air.
- c. The quick brown fox jumped ___ a lazy dog.
- d. They passed ___ the dark forest during night.
- e. He is sitting ___ the armchair.
- Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions:
- a. Quetta is ___ Balochistan.
- b. I know nothing ___ him.
- c. Her birthday is ___ the 10th of March.
- d. The book is ___ the table.
- e. They jumped ___ the river.
- Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions:
- a. Ziarat is ___ Balochistan.
- b. His father died ___ cancer.
- c. He placed the book ___ the table.
- d. The swimmer jumped ___ the river.
- e. He belongs ___ a rich family.
- Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions:
- a. My pen is superior ___ yours.
- b. Ali was sitting ___ that chair.
- c. Dera Bugti is ___ Balochistan.
- d. There is a tree in front ___ her house.
- e. China is ___ the North of Pakistan.
Vocabulary & Spelling Completion
- Insert the correct letter to make a meaningful word:
a. Gar---en | b. Bea---tiful | c. Celebr---t | d. Co---ntry | e. Iner---ase
- Insert the correct letter to make a meaningful word: (2)
a. Re_olt | b. Ex_hange | c. Seve__al | d. Nea_en | e. Co_rage
- Insert the correct letter to make a meaningful word:
a. For_ive | b. Ex_hange | c. Brea_h | d. To_erance | e. Ve_etable
- Insert the correct letter to make a meaningful word:
a. Re_olt | b. B_ther | c. Brea_h | d. To_erance | e. Ve_etable
Sentence Formation & Vocabulary Building
- Write five sentences each on any two of the following words: Discipline, Courage, Competition, Homework
- Write five sentences each on any two of the following words: Honesty, Hard work, Health, Etiquettes (2)
- Make meaningful sentences from any five of the following words: Founder, Angel, Design, Attract, Goal, Forgive, Bright, Weather
- Make meaningful sentences from any five of the following words: Populated, Perform, Invention, Desire, Revenge, Confident, Breath, Aim
- Make meaningful sentences on each of the following words: Responsible, Waste, Healthy, Famous, Hospitality, Grief, Miracle, Imagine
- Use each of the following words into meaningful sentences: Regular, Believe, Pleasure, Offer, Tolerance, Struggle, Imagine, Miracle
- Use each of the following words into meaningful sentences: Imagine, Boast, Youth, Bunch, Prevent (2)
- Use the following words in meaningful sentences: Knowledge, Informative, Technology, Entertainment, Impossible
- Use the following words in meaningful sentences: Environment, Charm, Information, Valuable, Bravely
- Use the following words in meaningful sentences: Glorious, Pollution, Prevent, Violate, Honour
- Use the following words in meaningful sentences: Loan, Memory, Wealth, Exercise, Doctor
- Show the difference of meaning of each pair of words with examples:
a. Accept / Except | b. Bear / Bare | c. Fair / Fare | d. Peace / Place | e. Weak / Week
Verb Forms & Tenses
- Use correct form of verb in the following:
- a. He daily (go) to School.
- b. She is (walk) in the park.
- c. They have been (study) since morning.
- d. The sun (rise) in the east.
- e. He has (steal) my pen.
- Use the correct form of the verb in the following sentences:
- a. The sun (set) in the west.
- b. He had (read) the whole book.
- c. She (eat) the money yesterday.
- d. My Father (read) newspaper daily.
- e. He (work) since 2000.
- Use the correct form of the verb:
- a. Natural songs are (sing) by children.
- b. Kindness always (rewarded).
- c. When he (see) the dove, he became very happy.
- d. Pakistan (get) independence on 14th August 1947.
- e. Police (catch/enrich) the criminal after the long chase.
- Use the correct form of the verb:
- a. Ali (not go) to school early in the morning.
- b. Why are you late? (come)
- c. I am (wait) for your results.
- d. She (celebrate) her birthday next month.
- e. The song was (sing) by him.
- Use the correct form of the verb:
- a. Let us (walk) to the school.
- b. He is (take) tea.
- c. It has been (do).
- d. They have not (finish) it yet.
- e. He (run) two kilometers yesterday.
- Use correct form of the verb:
- a. The tyre finally (burst).
- b. Ali had (ride) for many miles before he reached the canal.
- c. He (blow) too much air into the balloon.
- d. But soon the well (run) dry.
- e. He (fall) from the stairs.
Sentence Transformation & Voice / Narration
- Change the following into interrogative sentences:
- a. He will go to the market in the evening.
- b. He goes to school daily by bus.
- c. He has taken a book.
- d. She ate an apple yesterday.
- e. He went to see his friend without permission.
- Change the following into negative sentences:
- a. Ali recites the Holy Quran.
- b. They have been working since morning.
- c. You should obey the rules.
- d. He got the message.
- e. They will be going to Karachi.
- Do as Directed:
- a. She helps the poor. (Change into Interrogative)
- b. He believes in hard work. (Change into Negative)
- c. Zoya opened the window. (Change into Passive voice)
- d. Noise disturbs sleep. (Change into Passive voice)
- e. She said, "I am going to school by bus." (Change into Indirect)
- Do as Directed:
- a. He will never come. (Change into Interrogative)
- b. You will be rewarded by Allah. (Change into Active voice)
- c. They take pride in laziness. (Change into Negative)
- d. She likes the flowers. (Change into Passive voice)
- e. Sara said, "She is reading a book." (Change into Indirect speech)
- Do as Directed:
- a. He used to visit me. (Change into Negative)
- b. The match is being won by them. (Change into Active voice)
- c. Afzal said to me, "I am busy watching TV". (Change into Indirect)
- d. Will he ever come home? (Change into Positive)
- e. Sara asked why I didn't run fast. (Change into Direct/Interrogative)
- Change into Passive Voice:
- a. He breaks my pen.
- b. You bade him goodbye.
- c. Open the window.
- d. I am playing hockey.
- e. They will win the game.
- Change into Indirect Form:
- a. I said to him, "I am not well."
- b. He shouted, "What a fantastic shot he has played!"
- c. He said, "Unity is strength."
- d. She said, "I work hard."
- e. Teacher said, "Look front."
- Do as Directed:
- a. He is liked by us. (Change the Voice)
- b. He does not go to the school regularly. (Change into Interrogative)
- c. He lived in Lahore. (Change into Negative)
- d. I won't be in a position to help you. (Change into Positive)
- e. It costs twenty rupees. (Change into Past tense)
- Change the Narration of the following sentences:
- a. Sara said, "She is reading a book."
- b. The mother said, "Truth is evergreen."
- c. Akram says, "She is happy."
- d. He says, "Unity is strength."
- e. Rahim said, "He will write a story."
- Change the following into Passive Voice: (2)
- a. Youth / Students must obey traffic rules / the teacher.
- b. We showed her the photo album / notebook.
- c. Pollution / Smoking adversely affects environment / lungs.
- d. Mend my shoes / Repair my car.
- e. I am writing a letter / flying a kite.
- Change the Narration of the following sentences:
- a. He said to me, "I am ill."
- b. The teacher said, "Truth is evergreen."
- c. The master said to his servant, "Polish my shoes."
- d. He said to us, "Let us go for a walk."
- e. The teacher said to his students, "Why are you making a noise?"
- Change the Narration of the following sentences:
- a. He said to his brother, "Go and Study."
- b. The teacher said to me, "Where are you going?"
- c. The boy said, "I will do the work now."
- d. The teacher said, "Honesty is the best policy."
- e. He says, "I am fine."
- Change the following into Passive Voice:
- a. He always helps the needy.
- b. I take a bath daily.
- c. Noise produces several harmful effects.
- d. Shut the door.
- e. Do it.
- Change the Narration of the following sentences:
- a. He says to me, "It is raining outside."
- b. The teacher said, "Sun rises in the East."
- c. The mother said to the girls, "Sit down quietly."
- d. Ali said to us, "Let us go for a walk."
- e. She said to me, "Who is your favourite teacher?"
- Change the following into Passive Voice:
- a. She cooks the food.
- b. Do the work.
- c. I did not see him.
- d. Children should help their parents.
- e. Water pollution affects the environment.
- Change the Narration of the following sentences:
- a. He said, "I am teaching Urdu."
- b. He said, "Sun rises in the East."
- c. She said, "I have already left."
- d. Ali said, "Where do they live?"
- e. The teacher said to us, "Do not make noise."
- Change the following into Passive Voice:
- a. He will clean the room.
- b. Ali has written the report.
- c. Do the work.
- d. He dispatched the letters.
- e. I am flying the aeroplane.
Translation
- Translate the given Urdu passage / sentences into English. (8)
2. MATHEMATICS
Set Theory & Operations
- Find the union and intersection of the sets: A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15}, B = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}
- Verify commutative property w.r.t. union and intersection for sets: A = {a, e, i, o, u}, B = {a, b, c}
- If X = Set of whole numbers < 100 and Y = Set of odd numbers < 100, verify commutative property w.r.t. intersection.
- Verify commutative property w.r.t. union for: A = Set of first 8 multiples of 3, B = Set of first 6 multiples of 6.
- Verify commutative property w.r.t. union and intersection for: A = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24}, B = {6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36}
- If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, prove that A - B ≠ B - A.
- If U = {0, 1, 2, ..., 20}, A = {1, 3, 5, ..., 19}, and B = {0, 2, 4, ..., 18}, prove that A - B = A ∩ B'.
- If A = {1, 2, 5, 8}, B = {2, 4, 6}, and C = {2, 4, 5, 7}, verify associative property of intersection: A ∩ (B ∩ C) = (A ∩ B) ∩ C.
- If S = {-2, -1, 0, 1}, T = {-4, -1, 1, 3}, and M = {0, ±1, ±2}, verify associative property of union: S ∪ (T ∪ M) = (S ∪ T) ∪ M.
- If U = {a, b, c, ..., z}, S = {a, e, i, o, u}, and T = {x, y, z}, verify S ∩ S' = Ø.
Arithmetic, Fractions & Exponents
- Solve: 3/8 ÷ (5/6)
- Solve: 4/15 + (2/3)
- Simplify: 32 × 8 ÷ (-4) - 5 + 7
- Simplify: 6 ÷ [5 × (6 ÷ (5 - 2))]
- Simplify: -1/3 × 1/4 ÷ (-51/40)
- Verify distributive law: 3/7 × (5/8 + 9/5) = (3/7 × 5/8) + (3/7 × 9/5) (2)
- Prove that: 1/4 × (1/3 - 1/6) = (1/4 × 1/3) - (1/4 × 1/6)
- Without actual division, separate terminating and recurring decimals: 3 9/125
- Use laws of exponents to simplify: (15x6 / 27x4) ÷ (3x2 / 4y2)
- Simplify using exponent laws: (x-2 × y4)6 ÷ (x3 × y-5)3
- Simplify and express in simple form: (-2/3)6 × (-2/3)4 / (-2/3)-1
- Simplify using product law: (3/10)20 × (3/10)45 × (3/10)81
- Simplify: [(2/5)6 × (-2/3)4] / [(2/5)-3 × (4/3)-5]
Square Roots
- Find the square root of 3 (3/81).
- Find the square root of 1089.
- Find the square root of 7056 (by division method). (2)
- Find the square root of 4489 by division method.
- Find the square root of 0.279841 by division method.
- Find the square root of 207936 by division method.
Algebraic Expressions & Factorization
- Multiply (x2 + 2x + 3) by (x - 2). (2)
- Perform division: (a3 + 3ab + 2b) ÷ (a + b)
- Simplify: (4x + 3y)(2x - y) - (3x - 2y)(x + y) (2)
- If x = 4, y = 2, z = 1, p = 3, q = 0, find the value of (1/2 xz + 1/5 py + 1/2 zx).
- If x = 4, y = 2, z = 1, p = 3, q = 0, find the value of (4qy ÷ 8px + yz).
- Subtract (4x2 - x + 2) from the sum of (2x2 + 3x - 6) and (3x2 + 8x + 1).
- If A = x - 2y + z, B = -2x + y + z, and C = x + y - 2z, find A + B - C. (2)
- Find quotient: (10c2 + 49cd + 49d2) ÷ (5c + 7d)
- Resolve into factors: 49m2 + 154m + 121
- Factorize: 2x2 + 7x - 15
- Simplify: (x + 4y)2 + (5x - 6y)2
- Simplify: 3x(2x2 + 4y2) - 3x2(x - 4 + 3y2)
Linear Equations & Word Problems
- Solve the equation: 8x - 10 = 7x - 3(x ± 2)
- The sum of 6 and double of any number is 24. Find the number.
- Solve and verify the equation: (2m - 3) / 4 = (m - 5) / 6
- Ali is twice as old as his sister Amna. The sum of their ages is 45 years. How old is Ali?
- Solve: 80 / 60 = 27 / 180
- Solve the equation: (4x + 3) / 3 = (x + 7) / 2 (2)
Commercial Mathematics (Profit/Loss, Ratio, Markup, Ushr, Wages)
- Naeem sold a computer for Rs. 2,500, suffering a 20% loss. Find the purchase price.
- Find the sale price if purchase price is Rs. 60,500 and loss is 12%.
- A TV set was sold at 9% profit with cost price Rs. 18,000. Calculate the sale price.
- A handbag was purchased for Rs. 280 and sold for Rs. 350. Calculate the profit percentage.
- A piece of land is sold for Rs. 12,100; calculate capital cost and gain percentage.
- Athar, Nayer, Azhar, and Asad invested Rs 6,000, Rs 8,000, Rs 12,000, and Rs 14,000 respectively in a business. Find the percentage share of each.
- Divide Rs. 560 among A, B, and C such that ratio of A to B is 2:3 and B to C is 4:5. (2)
- If a man can weave 450 m of cloth in 6 hours, how many meters can he weave in 14 hours? (2)
- Ayesha paid Rs. 7,895 as Ushr at the rate of 10%. What total amount did she earn?
- 6 people can paint a wall in 10 days. In how many days can 12 people finish the same task?
- The price of a bicycle including markup is Rs. 5,610. If the markup rate is 5% per annum, find the amount of markup for 146 days.
- A worker is paid Rs. 2,130 for 6 days. If his total wage during a month is Rs. 9,230, find the number of days he worked.
- A farmer can plough an area of 40 acres in 16 hours. How many acres will he plough in 36 hours?
Geometry, Mensuration & Area
- The circumference of a circular region is 264 cm. Find its diameter and radius (π = 22/7). (2)
- Find the circumference of a circle whose area is 7,146 cm2 (π = 22/7).
- Find the area of a round bed of roses whose radius is 3.5 cm (π = 22/7).
- The radius of a circle is 21 cm. Find its area.
- The radius of a circle is 28 cm. Find the area of the circle (π = 22/7). (2)
- The area of a circle is 172.1 cm2. Find its circumference and radius. (2)
- The area of a square field is 617,796 cm2. Find the length of each side.
- The area of a square field is 562,500 m2. Find the length of the side of the square.
- A rectangular field of 280 sq. m costs Rs. 350 per sq. m to develop. Calculate total cost.
- Find the measure of acute angle of a right-angled triangle when one angle is 60°.
- A tin pack of a soft drink is 10 cm long and has a radius of 3.3 cm. Find its surface area.
- The area of a circular garden is 346.5 m2. Find the cost of fencing the garden if per meter cost is Rs. 39.75.
3. GENERAL SCIENCE
Chemistry — Elements, Atomic Structure & Reactions
- Give the electronic structure of oxygen atom and draw its diagram.
- Differentiate between Atomic Number and Mass Number with examples.
- Define Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, Isotope, Valency, and Ion. (2)
- Define Isotopes and write four uses of isotopes.
- Write symbols for three isotopes of Carbon and draw their structural diagrams.
- Define Chemical Formula. Write formulas of: Ammonia, Glucose, Sulphuric Acid, Nitric Acid, Sucrose, Silver Chloride, Water, Methane, Hydrogen Sulfide, Sodium Hydroxide, Calcium Carbide, Lead Acetate, Sodium Nitrate, Potassium Sulphate. (3)
- Name five chemical changes and differentiate between physical and chemical changes with examples. (2)
- Explain the Law of Constant Composition.
Water & Purification
- Define Permanent and Temporary Hardness of water. Explain methods for removing permanent hardness (e.g., using washing soda / Sodium Carbonate). (3)
- Write down the types of impurities present in water with suitable examples.
- Describe methods to purify water (e.g., filtration, boiling, chlorination). (3)
Gases & Laboratory Preparation
- How is Oxygen gas prepared in the laboratory? Draw diagram and give the chemical equation for preparation. (3)
- Write down five uses of Carbon Dioxide (CO2).
Physics — Heat, Electricity & Circuits
- Define Conduction and Convection of heat. (3)
- Write a note on good and bad conductors of heat.
- Explain the principle of a circuit breaker and explain how it differs from a fuse. (2)
- What is meant by a short circuit? How is it dangerous and how can it be prevented?
- Write down safety precautions for the safe use of electricity. (2)
- Differentiate between Series and Parallel circuits. Draw a series circuit diagram and discuss its disadvantages. (2)
- Define Voltage and Resistance. Describe the relationship between them. (2)
- Discuss Ohm's Law with the help of a mathematical equation. (2)
Physics — Waves, Optics & Forces
- Define Wavelength, Crest, Trough, and Frequency (with diagram where applicable). (4)
- Define Refracted Ray and Angle of Incidence.
- Write notes on: (1) Periscope (2) Electric Generator.
- What is meant by Gravitational Force?
4. ISLAMIYAT & PAKISTAN STUDIES
Islamic History & Governance
- Describe the life and social conditions of Arabs before the advent of Islam. (2)
- Discuss the teachings, personality, and contributions of Hazrat Ali (R.A) to Islamic governance.
- Write a comprehensive note on the teachings and religious services of Shah Waliullah.
- Discuss the role of Islamic institutions in society.
- Write a note on Human Rights (relatives, guests, patients) in the light of Islamic teachings.
Pakistan Movement & Leaders
- Discuss Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's personality, achievements, and pivotal role in the creation of Pakistan. (5)
- Write down the famous 14 Points of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. (2)
International Muslim Community & Geography
- Write a comprehensive note on the importance of Muslim Countries in the international community. (3)
- Write a note on the Central Asian Muslim Countries.
- Write short notes on international Islamic organizations: (a) RCD / ECO (b) Arab League (c) Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).
- Explain the historical context and ongoing issues of Palestine and Kashmir. (2)
- Write a note on UN Charter of Human Rights.
- Describe the historical attacks of Ahmad Shah Abdali in India.
- Write a note on the Indus Valley Civilization.
- What are the important duties and responsibilities of a District Council? (3)
- Write a note on the cultivation and economic importance of rice and wheat crops in Pakistan.
5. URDU
Urdu Literature & Writing Skills
- Discuss prose and short story writing techniques (افسانہ اور نثر نگاری) with examples from contemporary literature. (3)
- Explain descriptive and narrative essay writing techniques (بیانیہ اور تفصیلی مضمون نگاری). (2)
- Write an essay on social issues, social responsibility, or cultural values (معاشرتی مسائل اور ثقافتی اقدار پر مضمون). (3)
- Discuss formal and informal letter writing rules and structure (رسمی اور غیر رسمی خطوط). (5)
- Write a moral story based on specific themes or outlines (اخلاقی کہانی نگاری). (2)
- Comprehension & Vocabulary: Answer questions based on given prose passages and write word meanings (تفہیم و الفاظ معنی). (9)
- Urdu Grammar & Syntax: Solve exercises on grammar rules, idioms, and sentence structure (قواعد، محاورات اور جملوں کی ساخت). (9)
- Poetry Analysis & Appreciation: Explain poetic verses and discuss poetry forms (اشعار کی تشریح اور شاعری کا جائزہ). (6)
- Translation: Translate text/sentences between Urdu and English (اردو سے انگریزی ترجمہ). (9)
- Discuss the importance and preservation of the Urdu language in an Islamic context (اسلامی تناظر میں اردو کی اہمیت). (2)
